WHAT HAPPENED ON 13. MARCH
Want to find out what all happened on 13. March

The Russo-Finnish Winter War ends. (13. March 1940)

The Holocaust: German forces liquidate the Jewish ghetto in Kraków. (13. March 1943)

First Indochina War: Viet Minh forces under Vo Nguyen Giap unleashed a massive artillery barrage on the French to begin the Battle of Điện Biên Phủ, the climactic battle in the First Indochina War. (13. March 1954)

Cuban student revolutionaries storm the presidential palace in Havana in a failed attempt on the life of President Fulgencio Batista. (13. March 1957)

Lyman Lemnitzer, chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, delivers a proposal, called Operation Northwoods, regarding performing terrorist attacks upon Guantánamo Bay Naval Base, to Secretary of Defense Robert McNamara. The proposal is scrapped and President John F. Kennedy removes Lemnitzer from his position. (13. March 1962)

Police in Phoenix, Arizona arrest Ernesto Miranda and charge him with kidnap and rape. His conviction is ultimately set aside by the United States Supreme Court in Miranda v. Arizona (13. March 1963)

American Kitty Genovese is murdered, reportedly in view of neighbors who did nothing to help her, prompting research into the bystander effect. (13. March 1964)

Apollo program: Apollo 9 returns safely to Earth after testing the Lunar Module. (13. March 1969)

The New Jewel Movement, headed by Maurice Bishop, ousts Prime Minister Eric Gairy in a nearly bloodless coup d'etat in Grenada. (13. March 1979)

The Kenilworth Road riot takes place at an association football match at Kenilworth Road in Luton, England with disturbances before, during and after an F.A. Cup 6th Round tie between Luton Town F.C. and Millwall F.C.. (13. March 1985)

The Seikan Tunnel, the longest undersea tunnel in the world, opens between Aomori and Hakodate, Japan. (13. March 1988)

The United States Department of Justice announces that Exxon has agreed to pay $1 billion for the clean-up of the Exxon Valdez oil spill in Alaska. (13. March 1991)

An earthquake registering 6.8 on the Richter scale kills over 500 in Erzincan, eastern Turkey. (13. March 1992)

Dunblane massacre: in Dunblane, Scotland, 16 primary school children and one teacher are shot dead by spree killer Thomas Watt Hamilton who then commits suicide. (13. March 1996)

India's Missionaries of Charity chooses Sister Nirmala to succeed Mother Teresa as its leader. (13. March 1997)

The Phoenix lights are seen over Phoenix, Arizona by hundreds of people, and by millions on television. (13. March 1997)

Human evolution: The journal Nature reports that 350,000-year-old footprints of an upright-walking human had been found in Italy. (13. March 2003)

Gold prices on the New York Mercantile Exchange hit $1,000 per ounce for the first time. (13. March 2008)

Pope Francis is elected in the papal conclave to succeed Pope Benedict XVI. (13. March 2013)