WHAT HAPPENED IN 1958.
Look what happened the 1958.

France ratifies a new Constitution of France; the French Fifth Republic is then formed upon the formal adoption of the new constitution on October 4. Guinea rejects the new constitution, voting for independence instead. (28. September 1958)

NASA is created to replace NACA. (1. October 1958)

Guinea declares its independence from France. (2. October 1958)

Fifth Republic of France is established. (4. October 1958)

President of Pakistan Iskander Mirza, with the support of General Ayub Khan and the army, suspends the 1956 constitution, imposes martial law, and cancels the elections scheduled for January 1959. (7. October 1958)

The U.S. manned space-flight project is renamed Project Mercury. (7. October 1958)

Pioneer program: NASA launches the lunar probe Pioneer 1 (the probe falls back to Earth and burns up). (11. October 1958)

Paddington Bear, a classic character from English children's literature, makes his debut. (13. October 1958)

The American Atomic Energy Commission, with supporting military units, carries out an underground nuclear weapon test at the Nevada Test Site, just north of Las Vegas, Nevada. (14. October 1958)

The District of Columbia's Bar Association votes to accept African-Americans as member attorneys. (14. October 1958)

The Springhill Mine Bump – An underground earthquake traps 174 miners in the No. 2 colliery at Springhill, Nova Scotia, the deepest coal mine in North America at the time. By November 1, rescuers from around the world had dug out 100 of the victims, marking the death toll at 74. (23. October 1958)

The Smurfs, a fictional race of blue dwarves, later popularized in a Hanna-Barbera animated cartoon series, appear for the first time in the story La flute à six schtroumpfs, a Johan and Peewit adventure by Peyo, which is serialized in the weekly Spirou magazine. (23. October 1958)

Pan American Airways makes the first commercial flight of the Boeing 707 from New York City to Paris, France. (26. October 1958)

Iskander Mirza, the first President of Pakistan, is deposed in a bloodless coup d'état by General Ayub Khan, who had been appointed the enforcer of martial law by Mirza 20 days earlier. (27. October 1958)

John XXIII is elected Pope. (28. October 1958)

The Hope Diamond is donated to the Smithsonian Institution by New York diamond merchant Harry Winston. (10. November 1958)

A team of rock climbers led by Warren Harding completes the first ascent of The Nose on El Capitan in Yosemite Valley. (12. November 1958)

French Sudan gains autonomy as a self-governing member of the French Community. (25. November 1958)

Chad, the Republic of the Congo, and Gabon become autonomous republics within the French Community. (28. November 1958)

The Central African Republic attains self-rule within the French Union. (1. December 1958)