WHAT HAPPENED ON 19. JULY
Want to find out what all happened on 19. July

Great Fire of Rome: a fire begins to burn in the merchant area of Rome and soon burns completely out of control. According to a popular, but untrue legend, Nero fiddled as the city burned. (19. July 64)

Leontius, Roman usurper, is crowned Eastern emperor at Tarsus (modern Turkey). He is recognized in Antioch and makes it his capital. (19. July 484)

Umayyad conquest of Hispania: Battle of Guadalete – Umayyad forces under Tariq ibn Ziyad defeat the Visigoths led by King Roderic. (19. July 711)

Wars of Scottish Independence: Battle of Halidon Hill – The English win a decisive victory over the Scots. (19. July 1333)

Italian War of 1542–1546: the first Siege of Boulogne begins. (19. July 1544)

The Tudor warship Mary Rose sinks off Portsmouth; in 1982 the wreck is salvaged in one of the most complex and expensive projects in the history of maritime archaeology. (19. July 1545)

Lady Jane Grey is replaced by Mary I of England as Queen of England after only nine days on the throne. (19. July 1553)

Anglo-Spanish War: Battle of Gravelines – The Spanish Armada is sighted in the English Channel. (19. July 1588)

Representatives of the Iroquois Confederacy sign the Nanfan Treaty, ceding a large territory north of the Ohio River to England. (19. July 1701)

Great Northern War: A numerically superior Polish-Saxon army of Augustus II the Strong, operating from an advantageous defensive position, is defeated by a Swedish army half its size under the command of King Charles XII in the Battle of Klissow. (19. July 1702)

The British Medical Association is founded as the Provincial Medical and Surgical Association by Sir Charles Hastings at a meeting in the Board Room of the Worcester Infirmary. (19. July 1832)

Brunel's steamship the SS Great Britain is launched, becoming the first ocean-going craft with an iron hull or screw propeller and becoming the largest vessel afloat in the world. (19. July 1843)

Women's rights: a two-day Women's Rights Convention opens in Seneca Falls, New York. (19. July 1848)

American Civil War: Morgan's Raid – At Buffington Island in Ohio, Confederate General John Hunt Morgan's raid into the north is mostly thwarted when a large group of his men are captured while trying to escape across the Ohio River. (19. July 1863)

Taiping Rebellion: Third Battle of Nanking – The Qing Dynasty finally defeats the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom. (19. July 1864)

Franco-Prussian War: France declares war on Prussia. (19. July 1870)

The first line of the Paris Métro opens for operation. (19. July 1900)

Maurice Garin wins the first Tour de France. (19. July 1903)

World War I: Battle of Fromelles – British and Australian troops attack German trenches in a prelude to the Battle of the Somme. (19. July 1916)

Following Peace Day celebrations marking the end of World War I, ex-servicemen riot and burn down Luton Town Hall. (19. July 1919)