WHAT HAPPENED ON 23. AUGUST
Want to find out what all happened on 23. August

Capt. Lowell Smith and Lt. John P. Richter performed the first mid-air refueling on De Havilland DH-4B, setting an endurance flight record of 37 hours. (23. August 1923)

Italian Anarchists Sacco and Vanzetti are executed after a lengthy, controversial trial. (23. August 1927)

Hebron Massacre during the 1929 Palestine riots: Arab attack on the Jewish community in Hebron in the British Mandate of Palestine, continuing until the next day, resulted in the death of 65-68 Jews and the remaining Jews being forced to leave the city. (23. August 1929)

English cricketer Len Hutton sets a world record for the highest individual Test innings of 364, during a Test match against Australia. (23. August 1938)

World War II: Germany and the Soviet Union sign a non-aggression treaty, the Molotov-Ribbentrop Pact. In a secret addition to the pact, the Baltic states, Finland, Romania, and Poland are divided between the two nations. (23. August 1939)

World War II: Beginning of the Battle of Stalingrad. (23. August 1942)

World War II: Kharkov is liberated as a result of the Battle of Kursk. (23. August 1943)

World War II: Marseille is liberated. (23. August 1944)

World War II: King Michael of Romania dismisses the pro-Nazi government of Marshal Antonescu, who is arrested. Romania switches sides from the Axis to the Allies. (23. August 1944)

Freckleton Air Disaster – A United States Army Air Forces B-24 Liberator bomber crashes into a school in Freckleton, England killing 61 people. (23. August 1944)

Ordinance No. 46 of the British Military Government constitutes the German Länder (states) of Hanover and Schleswig-Holstein. (23. August 1946)

World Council of Churches is formed. (23. August 1948)

First flight of the C-130 Hercules transport aircraft. (23. August 1954)

Chinese Civil War: The Second Taiwan Strait crisis begins with the People's Liberation Army's bombardment of Quemoy. (23. August 1958)

Lunar Orbiter 1 takes the first photograph of Earth from orbit around the Moon. (23. August 1966)

Organized by Mexican American union leader César Chávez, the Salad Bowl strike, the largest farm worker strike in U.S. history, begins. (23. August 1970)

A bank robbery gone wrong in Stockholm, Sweden, turns into a hostage crisis; over the next five days the hostages begin to sympathise with their captors, leading to the term "Stockholm syndrome". (23. August 1973)

The Gossamer Condor wins the Kremer prize for human powered flight. (23. August 1977)

Bachir Gemayel is elected Lebanese President amidst the raging civil war. (23. August 1982)

Hans Tiedge, top counter-spy of West Germany, defects to East Germany. (23. August 1985)