WHAT ALL HAPPENED JANUARY TO SEPTEMBER 1860
Find out what all happened January to September 1860

Parma, Tuscany, Modena and Romagna vote in referendums to join the Kingdom of Sardinia. (5. March 1860)

Britain's first tram service begins in Birkenhead, Merseyside. (30. September 1860)

The State Bank of the Russian Empire is established. (12. June 1860)

The first successful United States Pony Express run from Saint Joseph, Missouri to Sacramento, California begins. (3. April 1860)

The Reorganized Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints—later renamed Community of Christ—is organized by Joseph Smith III and others at Amboy, Illinois (6. April 1860)

First Polish stamp is issued. (1. January 1860)

The 1860 Oxford evolution debate at the Oxford University Museum of Natural History takes place. (30. June 1860)

Giuseppe Garibaldi begins his attack on Palermo, Sicily, as part of the Italian Unification. (27. May 1860)

Giuseppe Garibaldi sets sail from Genoa, leading the expedition of the Thousand to conquer the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies and giving birth to the Kingdom of Italy. (5. May 1860)

Abraham Lincoln makes a speech at Cooper Union in the city of New York that is largely responsible for his election to the Presidency. (27. February 1860)

On his phonautograph machine, Édouard-Léon Scott de Martinville makes the oldest known recording of an audible human voice. (9. April 1860)

Charles XV of Sweden of Sweden-Norway is crowned king of Norway in Trondheim. (5. August 1860)

In the Second Opium War, an Anglo-French force defeats Chinese troops at the Battle of Palikao. (21. September 1860)

The discovery of the planet Vulcan is announced at a meeting of the French Academy of Sciences in Paris, France. (2. January 1860)

Sakuradamon incident: Assassination of Japanese Chief Minister (Tairō) Ii Naosuke. (24. March 1860)

First Taranaki War: The Battle of Waireka begins. (28. March 1860)

The First Taranaki War begins in Taranaki, New Zealand, a major phase of the New Zealand land wars. (17. March 1860)

The Steamship Lady Elgin sinks on Lake Michigan, with the loss of around 300 lives. (8. September 1860)

The Prince of Wales (later King Edward VII of the United Kingdom) visits the United States. (20. September 1860)

The United States Congress establishes the Government Printing Office. (23. June 1860)