WHAT HAPPENED ON 19. AUGUST
Want to find out what all happened on 19. August

The first temple to Venus, the Roman goddess of love, beauty and fertility, is dedicated by Quintus Fabius Maximus Gurges during the Third Samnite War (19. August 295. BC)

Gaius Julius Cadaesar Octavianus, later known as Augustus, compels the Roman Senate to elect him Consul. (19. August 43. BC)

Baldwin III of Jerusalem takes control of the Kingdom of Jerusalem from his mother Melisende, and also captures Ascalon. (19. August 1153)

In Ireland, the Hiberno-Norman de Burghs (Burkes) and Anglo-Norman Fitzgeralds fight in the Battle of Knockdoe. (19. August 1504)

18-year-old Mary, Queen of Scots, returns to Scotland after spending 13 years in France. (19. August 1561)

The "Samlesbury witches", three women from the Lancashire village of Samlesbury, England, are put on trial, accused of practicing witchcraft, one of the most famous witch trials in British history. (19. August 1612)

Second Anglo-Dutch War: Rear Admiral Robert Holmes leads a raid on the Dutch island of Terschelling, destroying 150 merchant ships, an act later known as "Holmes's Bonfire". (19. August 1666)

Salem witch trials: in Salem, Province of Massachusetts Bay, five people, one woman and four men, including a clergyman, are executed after being convicted of witchcraft. (19. August 1692)

Prince Charles Edward Stuart raises his standard in Glenfinnan – the start of the Second Jacobite Rebellion, known as "the 45". (19. August 1745)

Battle of Lagos Naval battle during the Seven Years' War between Great Britain and France. (19. August 1759)

Saint Isaac's Cathedral is founded in Saint Petersburg, Russia. (19. August 1768)

Gustav III of Sweden stages a coup d'état, in which he assumes power and enacts a new constitution that divides power between the Riksdag and the King. (19. August 1772)

American Revolutionary War: Battle of Blue Licks – the last major engagement of the war, almost ten months after the surrender of the British commander Charles Cornwallis following the Siege of Yorktown. (19. August 1782)

War of 1812: American frigate USS Constitution defeats the British frigate HMS Guerriere off the coast of Nova Scotia, Canada earning the nickname "Old Ironsides". (19. August 1812)

Gervasio Antonio de Posadas joins Argentina's Second Triumvirate. (19. August 1813)

The French government announces that Louis Daguerre's photographic process is a gift "free to the world". (19. August 1839)

California Gold Rush: the New York Herald breaks the news to the East Coast of the United States of the gold rush in California (although the rush started in January). (19. August 1848)

The First Sioux War begins when United States Army soldiers kill Lakota chief Conquering Bear and in return are massacred. (19. August 1854)

First ascent of Weisshorn, fifth highest summit in the Alps. (19. August 1861)

American Indian Wars: during an uprising in Minnesota, Lakota warriors decide not to attack heavily-defended Fort Ridgely and instead turn to the settlement of New Ulm, killing white settlers along the way. (19. August 1862)