WHAT HAPPENED IN THE FIRST HALF OF THE 13. CENTURY
Find out what all happened in the first half of the 13. century

Fourth Crusade: Despite letters from Pope Innocent III forbidding it and threatening excommunication, Catholic crusaders begin a siege of the Catholic city of Zara (now Zadar, Croatia). (10. November 1202)

The Fourth Lateran Council meets, defining the doctrine of transubstantiation, the process by which bread and wine are, by that doctrine, said to transform into the body and blood of Christ. (11. November 1215)

Pope Innocent III excommunicates Holy Roman Emperor Otto IV. (18. November 1210)

Conquest of Seville by Christian troops under King Ferdinand III of Castile. (23. November 1248)

Polish Prince Leszek I the White is assassinated at an assembly of Piast dukes at Gąsawa. (24. November 1227)

In the middle of the night a mass on the north side of Mont Granier suddenly collapsed, in one of the largest historical rockslope failures known in Europe. (24. November 1248)

Mongol invasion of Rus': Kiev under Danylo of Halych and Voivode Dmytro falls to the Mongols under Batu Khan. (6. December 1240)

The city of Ryazan is sacked by the Mongol army of Batu Khan. (21. December 1237)

Pope Honorius III approves the Dominican Order through the papal bull of confirmation Religiosam vitam. (22. December 1216)

The Lý Dynasty of Vietnam ends after 216 years by the enthronement of the boy emperor Trần Thái Tông, husband of the last Lý monarch, Lý Chiêu Hoàng, starting the Trần Dynasty. (31. December 1225)

James I of Aragon the Conqueror enters Medina Mayurqa (now known as Palma, Spain) thus consummating the Christian reconquest of the island of Majorca. (31. December 1229)