WHAT HAPPENED IN THE FIRST HALF OF THE 13. CENTURY
Find out what all happened in the first half of the 13. century

Coronation of Alexander III as King of Scots. (13. July 1249)

Louis VIII becomes King of France upon the death of his father, Philip II of France. (14. July 1223)

King John of England expels Canterbury monks for supporting Archbishop Stephen Langton. (15. July 1207)

Swedish–Novgorodian Wars: a Novgorodian army led by Alexander Nevsky defeats the Swedes in the Battle of the Neva. (15. July 1240)

Battle of Las Navas de Tolosa: after Pope Innocent III calls European knights to a crusade, forces of Kings Alfonso VIII of Castile, Sancho VII of Navarre, Peter II of Aragon and Afonso II of Portugal defeat those of the Berber Muslim leader Almohad, thus marking a significant turning point in the Reconquista and in the medieval history of Spain. (16. July 1212)

The Fourth Crusade captures Constantinople by assault. The Byzantine emperor Alexios III Angelos flees from his capital into exile. (17. July 1203)

Battle of Taillebourg : Louis IX of France puts an end to the revolt of his vassals Henry III of England and Hugh X of Lusignan. (21. July 1242)

Massacre at Béziers: the first major military action of the Albigensian Crusade. (22. July 1209)

Georgian-Seljuk wars: At the Battle of Basian the Kingdom of Georgia defeats the Sultanate of Rum. (27. July 1202)

Battle of Bouvines : Philip II of France decisively defeats Imperial, English and Flemish armies, effectively ending John of England's Angevin Empire. (27. July 1214)

Attempted usurpation of John Komnenos the Fat. (31. July 1201)

Isaac II Angelos, restored Eastern Roman Emperor, declares his son Alexios IV Angelos co-emperor after pressure from the forces of the Fourth Crusade. (1. August 1203)

Sweden is defeated by Estonian tribes in the Battle of Lihula. (8. August 1220)

The Battle of the Puig takes place in the context of the Spanish Reconquista pitting the forces of the Taifa of Valencia against the Kingdom of Aragon. The battle resulted in an Aragonese victory. (15. August 1237)

The foundation stone of Cologne Cathedral, built to house the relics of the Three Wise Men, is laid. (Construction is eventually completed in 1880.) (15. August 1248)

Siege of Jerusalem: The city's citadel, the Tower of David, surrenders to Khwarezmian Empire. (23. August 1244)

Pope Innocent III declares Magna Carta invalid. (24. August 1215)

The Dutch city of Ommen receives city rights and fortification rights from Otto III, the Archbishop of Utrecht. (25. August 1248)

The Formulary of Adjudications is promulgated by Regent Hōjō Yasutoki. (Traditional Japanese date: August 10, 1232) (27. August 1232)

Al-Kamil becomes Sultan of Egypt, Syria and northern Mesopotamia on the death of his father Al-Adil. (31. August 1218)