WHAT HAPPENED IN 1859.
Look what happened the 1859.

Political and state union of Moldavia and Wallachia; Alexandru Ioan Cuza is elected as Domnitor in both Principalities. (24. January 1859)

The Codex Sinaiticus is discovered in Egypt. (4. February 1859)

Wallachia and Moldavia are united under Alexander John Cuza as the United Principalities, an autonomous region within the Ottoman Empire, which ushered the birth of the modern Romanian state. (5. February 1859)

Oregon is admitted as the 33rd U.S. state. (14. February 1859)

Daniel E. Sickles, a New York Congressman, is acquitted of murder on grounds of temporary insanity. This is the first time this defense is successfully used in the United States. (19. February 1859)

Bryant's Minstrels debut "Dixie" in New York City in the finale of a blackface minstrel show. (4. April 1859)

British and French engineers break ground for the Suez Canal. (25. April 1859)

The Cornwall Railway opens across the Royal Albert Bridge linking the counties of Devon and Cornwall in England. (4. May 1859)

The clock tower at the Houses of Parliament, which houses Big Ben, starts keeping time. (31. May 1859)

Italian Independence wars: In the Battle of Magenta, the French army, under Louis-Napoleon, defeat the Austrian army. (4. June 1859)

Australia: Queensland is established as a separate colony from New South Wales (Queensland Day). (6. June 1859)

Pig War: Ambiguity in the Oregon Treaty leads to the "Northwestern Boundary Dispute" between United States and British/Canadian settlers. (15. June 1859)

First ascent of Aletschhorn, second summit of the Bernese Alps. (18. June 1859)

Battle of Solferino (Battle of the Three Sovereigns): Sardinia and France defeat Austria in Solferino, northern Italy. (24. June 1859)

The first conformation dog show is held in Newcastle-upon-Tyne, England. (28. June 1859)

French acrobat Charles Blondin crosses Niagara Falls on a tightrope. (30. June 1859)

King Charles XV & IV accedes to the throne of Sweden–Norway. (8. July 1859)

First ascent of Grand Combin, one of the highest summits in the Alps. (30. July 1859)

The Tuscan National Assembly formally deposes the House of Habsburg-Lorraine. (16. August 1859)

Petroleum is discovered in Titusville, Pennsylvania leading to the world's first commercially successful oil well. (27. August 1859)